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Marcin Odlanicki Poczobutt
Marcin Odlanicki Poczobutt ((ベラルーシ語: Марцін Адляніцкі-Пачобут); (リトアニア語:Martynas Počobutas)) (30 October 1728 near Hrodna – 7 February 1810 in Daugavpils) was a Polish–Lithuanian Jesuit astronomer and mathematician. He was professor of Vilnius University for over 50 years, serving as its rector from 1780 to 1799. The Poczobutt crater on the Moon is named after him.
==Career==
Poczobutt studied at Vilnius University (1745–1751) and Charles University in Prague (1754–1756). With brief interruptions he lectured at Vilnius University from 1753 to 1808.〔 Sponsored by Michał Fryderyk Czartoryski, he further studied in France, Italy, and Germany from 1762 to 1764. His stay at the Marseille Observatory under Esprit Pézenas inspired him to devote his career to astronomy.〔 He earned doctorate of philosophy, gained professorship, and became director of the Vilnius Astronomical Observatory in 1764.〔 The observatory, established by Thomas Zebrowski, was in its early stages of development and Poczobutt worked hard to obtain modern instruments. Despite suppression of the Jesuits in 1773, the observatory gained royal favor from King Stanisław August Poniatowski—it was named royal observatory and Poczobutt became King's astronomer.〔 In 1780, Poczobutt was appointed as university rector by the Commission of National Education. He was tasked with reforming the university from a medieval school concentrated on humanities (philosophy and theology) to a modern scientific institution.〔 Under Poczobutt the university improved its science, medicine, and law departments.〔 As rector of the university he promoted the use of Latin and opposed any use of Polish or Lithuanian languages.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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